ARPANET Essay Example For Students

ARPANET Essay The USSR dispatches Sputnik, the principal counterfeit earth satellite. In the late 1960s the U.S. military was urgently terrified of an atomic assault from the Soviet Union. The United States framed the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) inside the Department of Defense to set up a bombproof system to associate army installations. ARPANETs physical system was set up in 1969 to empower colleges and examination associations to trade data unreservedly. The initial two hubs that shaped the ARPANET were UCLA and the Stanford Research Institute, soon after the University of Utah was added to ARPANET. The Network Control Protocol (NCP) was at first utilized as the ARPANET convention, starting in 1970. By 1971, a sum of 23 hosts at 15 areas were associated with the ARPANET. The next year, the primary worldwide associations happened, connecting the University College of London (UK) and the Royal Radar Establishment (Norway) to the ARPANET. The way ARPANET was set up is so that in the e vent that one of the system joins got upset by adversary assault, the traffic on it could consequently be rerouted to different connections. Luckily, the Net once in a while has gone under foe assault. During the 1970s, ARPA additionally supported further examination into the utilizations of parcel exchanging innovations. This included stretching out parcel changing to ships adrift and ground portable units and the utilization of radio for bundle exchanging. Ethernet was made over the span of examination into the utilization of radio for parcel exchanging, and it was discovered that coaxial link could bolster the development of information at very quick paces. The improvement of Ethernet was essential to the development of neighborhood systems. The achievement of ARPANET made it hard to oversee, especially with the enormous and developing number of college locales on it. So it was broken into two sections. The two sections comprised of MILNET, which had the military destinations, an d the new, littler ARPANET, which had the nonmilitary locales. On January 1,1983, each machine associated with ARPANET needed to utilize TCP/IP. TCP/IP turned into the center Internet convention and supplanted NCP (old ARPANET language) totally. Because of TCP/IP MILNET and ARPANET stayed associated through a specialized plan called IP (Internet Protocol); which empowers traffic to be steered starting with one system then onto the next as essential. All the systems associated with the Internet speak IP, so they all can trade messages. Despite the fact that there were just two systems around then, IP was intended to consider a huge number of systems. An uncommon reality about the IP configuration is that each PC on an IP organize is similarly as able as some other, so any machine can speak with some other machine. In 1985 the National Science Foundation started reporting plans for its new T1 lines, which would be done by 1988. Not long after the fulfillment of the T1 spine, traffic expanded so rapidly that plans promptly started on updating the system once more. That year the idea of the T3, a 45 Mbps was acquainted with people in general. While the T3 lines were being developed, the Department of Defense disbanded the ARPANET and the T1 and later T3 spine supplanted ARPANET. The first 50Kbs lines of ARPANET were removed from administration. In 1990 ARPANET was supplanted by the National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET), a similar organization that established the t1 and t3, to associate its supercomputers to territorial systems. As I would see it I figure the administration worked admirably in building up the Internet. Basically, the ARPANET can be seen as the incipient organism from which the Internet developed. The legislature cultivated and empowered the development of private Internet partnerships. Today the Internet ranges over each of the 7 landmasses and associates the entire world with certain snaps of a mouse and composing at the console. .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .postImageUrl , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:hover , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:visited , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:active { border:0!important; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:active , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:hover { mistiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-adornment: underline; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enhancement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u6152f7d4116dc3 fa3a798365119ce52f .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The Theme Of Inherit The Wind EssayBibliography:BibliographyBooks1.)Casting the Net: From Arpanet to Internet and Beyond (Unix and Open Systems Series) Peter H. Salus/Paperback/Published 1995 2.) Building the Arpanet: Unpublished Source Documents of the FirstPeter Salus(Editor)/Hardcover/Published 1998

Briefly explain the major objectives or underlying philosophies of HRM

Quickly clarify the significant destinations or basic ways of thinking of HRM Quickly clarify the significant destinations or basic ways of thinking of HRM and what exercises these may include †Essay Example Quickly clarify the significant destinations or basic ways of thinking of HRM and what exercises these may include The primary reason for human asset the executives incorporates keeping up better connections between the workers and the association, just as between the representatives themselves. In the administration of HR, exercises that might be included incorporate turn of events, assessment and utilization of projects that identify with HR. One of the fundamental goals of HR the board incorporates the successful and effective utilization of the potential, which the workforce has. To accomplish this goal, a portion of the exercises that the human asset division may take part in incorporate guaranteeing that representatives are allocated focuses on that they can accomplish. What's more, legitimate utilization of the employees’ aptitudes will guarantee that the association accomplishes this goal (Randhawa 2007, p. 7). Another target of HR the board incorporates guaranteeing that the association accomplishes financially savvy work of HR. So as to accomplish this target, the association ought to take part in exercises, for example, offering serious compensation rates, which are neither too low nor excessively high. The association ought to likewise guarantee that there is no staff turnover and guarantee that the speculation on preparing of workers has returns. Human asset the executives additionally has the target of guaranteeing that the workforce coordinates the requirements of the association. For this to be accomplished, a portion of the exercises included remember arranging the workforce for request to ensure that the association has individuals from staff who have the necessary abilities (Randhawa 2007, p. 8). The other goal of human asset the board incorporates powerful enlistment in order to guarantee that the association accomplishes the workforce needs. The exercises associated with accomplishing this goal incorporate arranging preparing programs, which will assume a critical job in covering the holes in abilities that may result from innovative changes or changes in forms. Human asset the executives likewise has the goal of fulfilling needs of the representatives both at the gathering and the individual level. Exercises associated with accomplishing this target incorporate arrangement of evenhanded compensation, worker benefits, giving motivating forces, and acknowledgment of representatives. The other goal of human asset the board is to guarantee that representatives have high resolve. This should be possible through exercises, for example, improving working conditions, arrangement of satisfactory offices at the working environment and advancements (Randhawa 2007, p. 9). References List Randhawa, G. (2007). Human Resource Management, New Delhi, Atlantic Publishers and Dist. pp. 7-10.

Apple Incorporated and the Power of Its Brands Essay

Apple Incorporated and the Power of Its Brands - Essay Example Its will probably considerably address the necessities of its clients, however not until when it found the benefit of making a requirement for its item and administration contributions. The advanced advertising stresses that advertisers are acceptable at making requirements for their contributions (Boone and Kurtz, 2006; Kotler et al., 1999). Actually, Apple is truly adept at making requirements for its item and administration contributions, the fundamental establishment of how it attempts to accomplish its upper hand. In any case, as it keeps on developing, Apple Incorporated has gotten profoundly perceived with its brands, which brings it at the highest point of the opposition. Porter’s hypothesis of upper hand applies to Apple Incorporated and its brands. The intensity of its brands is significant part of separation system (Porter, 1998). Individuals essentially partner the Apple brand with standard quality, unwavering quality, and numerous other natural qualities. This is because of the way that brands just underscore qualities and implications (Belch and Belch, 1998). In a profoundly entrepreneur world, brands have significant worth that could be expanded revenue driven making (Arvidson, 2006). Marking is a particular promoting procedure and as an approach to upgrade gainfulness, profitability and effectiveness (Moor, 2007). Field added that marking looks to create political message, corporate picture, individuals, and practices. It is in these reasons Apple needed to put more in recreating, refining and improving its brands before turning into significantly better than the other in its industry. As broadly watched, the media have consistently been the necessary pieces of Apple’s accomplishment in accomplishing a ground-breaking brand on the planet. Subsequently, Apple has become a notable brand since it went to a state of turning into a social symbol with comparing personality esteem (Holt, 2004). There are numerous techniques in doing this and they are vital pieces of social marking standards. In this paper, the advocate attempts to consolidate in the investigation how Apple Incorporated had the option to effectively accomplish or make the intensity of its brands utilizing the media as vital pieces of correspondence, a particular technique in social marking standards (Holt, 2004). The conversation specifically incorporates media, brand advancement, and the idea of satisfaction of necessities dependent on mental viewpoint. Media and brand improvement Media are anything with spaces that have the ability to permit advertising to occur in them (Moor, 2007). Space is significant for Moor as a particular site to create connections among brands and clients. She included that it is an open medium or open door for promoting to happen. Promotions are explicit types of interchanges set inside an informative medium (Cook, 2001). For a long time, Apple Incorporated is utilizing the media so as to advance its brands. Macintosh, iPo d, iPhone, iPad and iTunes are the most significant brands that are built up by Apple with the guide of the media. In 2006, Apple’s promotion financial plan is $338 million, $467 million of every 2007, and $486 million of every 2008 (Blakely, 2008; DeWitt, 2009). In 2009, Apple burned through $501 million for Ad cost (DeWitt, 2009). There is by all accounts an expansion in the spending plan dispensed by Apple for its promotions, however it is really diminishing dependent on level of income; 5 percent in 2001 and 1.17 percent in 2009 (DeWitt, 2009). This implies the higher the income of Apple has become, the lesser it designated financial plan for its special exercises. This

Health and Safety in the Workplace Essay

* The wiring can be fickle, the high temp water framework is regularly not working and the flask is in a storm cellar live with no outside lighting or windows. There are just 3 toilets in the structure and these are additionally arranged on the lower ground floor, close to the flask. The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 express that regarding lighting; â€Å"Every working environment will have appropriate and adequate lighting. Where it is practicable, the lighting will be by characteristic light. Appropriate and adequate crisis lighting will be provided.† To repair the lighting issue in the flask, adequate lighting would should be given and kept up in any case the organization would break these guidelines. These guidelines likewise express that with respect to temperature in the working environment; â€Å"should be sensible for indoor work environments. There ought to be an adequate number of thermometers gave to permit checking of temperature.† With the heated water framework neglecting to work consistently it is required; the temperature ought to be observed cautiously and ought to preferably be supplanted with one that is solid. The toilets in the bottle zone should be sufficiently bright too, yet in addition all around ventilated with a high amount of natural air. The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 express that three restrooms are required for between 26†50 representatives, on the off chance that there are more representatives, at that point extra WC offices will be required. Additionally, There must be hot and cold water, cleanser, and either electric hand dryers or towels gave. The Electricity at Work Act 1989 states that inside the work place, those capable must; â€Å"Have their electrical frameworks built in a way that forestalls peril. This incorporates testing all new hardware to guarantee that it is sheltered. Keep up their electrical frameworks effectively to forestall peril. Have fixed or shut any electrical framework that causes danger.† The electrical framework is touchy and should be fixed and in certain regions maybe supplanted to keep up to the measures that The Electricity at Work Act 1989 requires. * The lift has been out of administration for some impressive time and the PCs are continually separating. The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 states that any hardware gave must be â€Å"maintained and kept in great working order† in this way the PCs and the lift are not meeting these guidelines as they are persistently separating or on account of the lift, not working by any stretch of the imagination. They should either be supplanted or fixed so they are accessible for use by all individuals inside the structure. The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 additionally state, concerning the lift, that where manual dealing with is unavoidable, they ought to be motorized with the utilization of streetcars, lifts and derricks. So if any lifting assignments were to happen, the lift ought to be accessible to use as it is as of now set up. * None of the cooling units are working and none of the windows open. All documents that should be kept are put away under the steps on every one of the various floors. The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 state that a base temperature of 16 °C ought to be kept up in a territory of typical physical movement and there ought to be a decent number of thermometers situated at above 0.5m off the ground to show the room temperature. There is no greatest temperature for a working environment anyway these guidelines express that the working environment ought to be agreeable and sensible. The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 additionally state that â€Å"the gracefully of natural air ought not ordinarily be underneath 5-8 liters for each second, per occupant† so the way that the cooling units don’t work and the windows don't open penetrate these guidelines totally and ought to be fixed or supplanted right away. With the documents of the organization being put away under the steps, the organization could well break the principles of The Data Protection Act 1998 which expresses that data put away about individuals can't be gotten to by an outsider without their insight. The deficient stockpiling beneath every one of the steps isn't secure and along these lines anybody inside the structure could get to them. The Statutory obligations of bosses and representatives identifying with wellbeing, security and government assistance as set out by the administration says that the business should expressly give game plans to guaranteeing safe methods for taking care of, utilization, stockpiling and transport of articles and substances. All records being put away under the steps does not give a protected methods for putting away archives so an option authoritative framework ought to be utilized for the company’s documents. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 likewise sets out to â€Å"protect individuals at work† and â€Å"to shield individuals not at work from the individuals who are†, the records could represent an excursion peril to representatives and individuals visiting the structure, another explanation behind an elective stockpiling framework to be actualized. * The workplaces are cleaned on a week after week premise, however all the cleaning items are kept in the flask close to the crisis exit. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) is the law that expects managers to control substances that are perilous to health[1] and not putting away the cleaning items securely and safely on the off chance that they contain any hurtful fixings (which many cleaning items do) penetrates the guidelines set out. You can forestall or decrease laborers presentation to dangerous substances by: * discovering what the wellbeing dangers are; * concluding how to forestall damage to wellbeing (hazard assessment[2]); * giving control measures to decrease mischief to wellbeing; * ensuring they are utilized ; * keeping all control gauges in great working request; * giving data, guidance and preparing for workers and others; * giving checking and wellbeing reconnaissance in fitting cases; * making arrangements for crises. In the event that the cleaning items have consistently been put away by the crisis leave, at that point the organization are in penetrate of The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 as they have neglected to distinguish that there is a hazard to its representatives and have clearly neglected to lead an intensive hazard appraisal. With the cleaning items blocking the crisis leave, The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 states that â€Å"clear fire guidelines ought to be shown in all structures; get away from courses ought to be obviously signposted and free from obstruction†. The cleaning items being put away there are an immediate infringement of this and they ought to be evacuated then put away securely and safely. * most of printers are down and out on every one of the floors; this implies all staff need to go to the fifth floor to get great quality duplicates. The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 states that any gear gave must be â€Å"maintained and kept in great working order†, the unusable scanners penetrate these guidelines and must be fixed or supplanted. The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 state â€Å"to stay away from the requirement for representatives to embrace any manual dealing with activities at work which include a danger of their being injured†. Under the Regulations, an appropriate and adequate hazard evaluation of all manual taking care of activities ought to be done to measure the dangers and set up reasonable direction and backing to ensure dangers are kept to a base. The business is likewise expected to prepare staff where vital in the right method to physically lift and handle objects. The business has done not one or the other, so to forestall mishaps happening, the business should actualize these right away. * On your first day at the new office, one of the receptionists, who is expected to go on maternity leave in the following fourteen days; tumbles down the steps (in the wake of having done a lot of copying) and breaks her leg, her arm and her collarbone. The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (MHOR)[3] requires a business to complete a hazard appraisal on all manual dealing with assignments that represent a physical issue chance. In the event that the business had evaluated this appropriately, a framework or elective method of moving the copied archives could have been created, or maybe another individual from staff could have assumed on this liability. The employer’s obligation is to maintain a strategic distance from manual taking care of to the extent sensibly practicable if there is a chance of injury. In the event that this is impossible, at that point they should find a way to lessen the danger of injury to the extent sensibly practicable. With the lift being accessible yet shut because of a deficiency, the business isn't using the accessible systems as the lift has not been fixed. This puts any worker conveying any huge object(s) in danger of injury and the lift should be fixed with sufficient option conveying techniques for representatives who can't do as such. Likewise, The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 says that rest offices must be accommodated pregnant ladies and nursing moms, this may not be pertinent to the lady tumbling down the steps, be that as it may if this has not been accommodated her, it could have contributed in the event that she was drained and incapable to discover a spot to rest or not permitted to set aside some effort to rest.

The Santa Fe Trail And The Oregon free essay sample

Trail Essay, Research Paper Land satisfactory land sufficient! Clear a path, I state, for the juvenile American buffalo he has non yet got land bounty ; he needs more land and his cool asylum in summer He needs more land for his lovely brushing land grounds.I Tell you, we give him Oregon for his late spring obscurity, and the piece of Texas as his winter touching area. [ Applause ] Like the entirety of his race, he needs salt exorbitantly. All things considered, he will hold the utilization of two seas, the powerful Pacific and the violent Atlantic will be his. He will non stop his calling until he slakes his thirst in the solidified sea. Equitable government official Major, Auguste Davezac The term Manifest Destiny was the nineteenth-century conviction that the United States had the privilege and obligation to spread out all through North America to convey white American development. The Santa Fe Trail gave the individuals and clear change way to spread out toward the West, in certainty both the Santa Fe Trail and the Oregon Trail gave the individuals a reasonable, bother free way to spread out westbound. We will compose a custom paper test on The Santa Fe Trail And The Oregon or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The Santa Fe Trail was utilized for an exchanging way furthermore for voyagers voyaging west. It began in Franklin, Missouri, and finished in Santa Fe currently called New Mexico. The Santa Fe Trail wasn t a smooth course at we consider it today, it was a wide way that followed the class of streams from milestone to landmark.Whenever there was room, the wagons headed out after to one another then again of individual record, on the grounds that the residue at the terminal of the train was extremely thick. The path was opened in 1821 and was utilized pretty much all the clasp from 1822 to 1880 until a railroad had in the long run arrived at Santa Fe. One of the Michigans on the Santa Fe Trail was Arrow Rock, Missouri, actually that was one of the get bringing down purposes of the path furthermore the Santa Fe Spring was in that end. The accompanying end was Fort Osage, a quiet exchanging station, and set up to stock products. Following, West Port Landing, Traders utilized the steamer t o ship their great up the Missouri River to the set bringing down where they stacked their merchandise into secured wagons and headed sou-west along the Santa Fe Trail toward the accompanying stop. The accompanying stop was called Council Groove, in Kansas, inside that was the Post Office Oak, a topographic point I n Council Groove where individuals would drop off their mail. The accompanying stop was Pawnee Rock in cardinal Kansas, it was a high slope so the individuals could see far away when they were at the top, they utilized it to check whether they were going in the correct manner on the path. There were two additional Michigans on the path, preeminent was Fort Larned, it, was made out of sand rock in light of the fact that their weren t any trees out on the prairie. Furthermore, the last end was Chance Stop, It was the keep going end on the path for voyagers going west. Voyagers purchased their great, for example, supplement and a few spreads to keep up warm before they took off onto the Prairie. The Oregon Trail was 870km long, it was directed toward the Northwest. The path began in Independence Missouri and finished at the Columbia River in Oregon. Local Americans utilized it thus did the trappers. People groups had started to use it each piece right on time as 1742, and that was before America had won the Mexican American War.The Oregon trail other than had numerous Michigans. The initial 1 was the Grande Ronde River Valley, coming up next was the Blue Mountains, following was the Umatilla River Exchange, following was Fort Bridger, Fort Hall, Salmon Falls, and the latter was Rort Boke.On both of the path the explorers needed to eat and soak up something. It should have been something that kept going a long clasp and was satisfactory gustatory sensation astute, and their was plentifulness of it, it other than must be at a reasonable money related worth. Well Beef Jerky was one of the main supplements that they ate. It didn t ruin, it had an adequate gustatory sensation, th ey could procure it for peep, and their was plentifulness of it. The explorers other than ate berries from workss and bushes as least regularly as they could. Parcel of People drank H2O from the stream, and when they went to an exchanging end or a supposed shop, they purchased brew. The Santa Fe Trail and the Oregon Trail both had truly should a similar expectation. The two of them were to help spread out the United States extend westbound by giving an undeniable way making a beeline for the West. The United States would non resemble it is today a result of these two path, they played a huge bit in helping the pioneers settle in the West what's more helping the United States accomplish its Manifest Destiny.

Founders of Alcoholics Anonymous Bill W. and Dr. Bob

Founders of Alcoholics Anonymous Bill W. and Dr. Bob Addiction Alcohol Use Print The Founders of Alcoholics Anonymous By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on November 24, 2019 Steve Debenport/Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery A seemingly unplanned meeting in Akron, Ohio in 1935 between the future founders of Alcoholics Anonymous, both of whom were termed hopeless alcoholics, began a program of recovery that has helped millions find sobriety and serenity. Bill W. Bill W., a  stockbroker from New York,  was one of those men. In fighting his own battle against drinking, he had already learned that helping other alcoholics was the key to maintaining his own sobriety, the principle that would later become step twelve in the Twelve Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous. He had been sober for about five months  had traveled to Akron, Ohio on May 12, 1935, for a shareholders meeting and proxy fight, which did not turn out his way.   Bill W. Meets Dr. Bob at a Bar After losing the proxy fight, Bill found himself alone and depressed, according to accounts of the events. He felt drawn to the bar in the Mayflower Hotel where he was staying. Fighting desperately to maintain his sobriety, his immediate reaction was, Ive got to find another alcoholic. There are conflicting versions of exactly what happened next, but the result was Bill W. ended up a meeting with an Akron surgeon, forever to be remembered simply as Dr. Bob, who had struggled for years with his own drinking problem. Dr. Bob Gets Sober The effect the meeting had on Dr. Bob was immediate and soon he too put down the bottle (June 10, 1935), never to pick it up again. The bond formed between the two men would grow into a movement that would literally affect the lives of millions. The First 100 Alcoholics Sober Starting in an upstairs room at Dr. Bobs home in Akron, the two men began helping alcoholics one person at a time. It took four years to get the first 100 alcoholics sober in the first three groups that formed in Akron, New York, and Cleveland. But after the publication in 1939 of the groups textbook, Alcoholics Anonymous, and the publication of a series of articles about the group in the Cleveland Plain Dealer, the A.A. rapidly developed and the membership in the Cleveland group soon grew to 500. Alcoholics Anonymous Grows to 6,000 The response was so overwhelming, the group found itself sending out members, who had only a short time in the program themselves, to work with other new members. For the first time, the founders learned they could mass produce recovery and be not limited to the ground that they themselves could cover. After a dinner in New York in 1940, given by John D. Rockefeller, Jr., to publicize the group, membership soon grew to 2,000. An article in the Saturday Evening Post in 1941 resulted in another growth period and membership in the United States and Canada rose to a reported 6,000. The Legacy of AA By 1951, Alcoholics Anonymous had helped more than 100,000 people recover from alcoholism, and by 1973, more than one million copies of The Big Book had been distributed. By 2000, the number of copies sold had reached 20 million and by 2010 more than 27 million copies had been purchased. Since that time, the fellowship has continued to grow and has become worldwide. A number for Alcoholics Anonymous can be found in the white pages of virtually every local telephone directory. Today members can also attend electronic meetings from any computer, cell phone or mobile device. Dr. Bob died Nov. 16, 1950, and Bill W. passed on Jan. 24, 1971, but the legacy they left behind continues to touch the lives of millions. The Significance of Dr. Bobs Last Drink

Incongruity - 825 Words

Incongruity (Essay Sample) Content: Firstname LastnameInstructors NameCourse Number DATE \@ "d MMMM yyyy" 10 October 2016Incongruity in Comedy: Twain vs. Sedaris According to O'Shannon, adults form and live by a big rulebook in which they have a normative range of things and details of how the world should behave. Adult interactions with the world are a series of comparisons with this rulebook. Incongruity occurs when something appears beyond the normal range of the rulebook. The incongruity theory posits that one perceives humor at the instant of realization of incongruity between an idea involved in a given situation and the real objects thought to relate to the idea. Humor often holds an unexpected, often abrupt, change in perspective. Shannon writes, The mind can find the information so shocking or threatening that it rejects the truth of it, rendering the information nonsense. The brain then tries to make sense of the nonsense by filing it under comedy just. The rules that determine incongruit y may be from the rulebook or may come up at the time the audience is trying to make sense of the joke (O'Shannon).The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County is a humor-laden narration about a famed gambler Jim Smiley. In the narrators description, If he ever seen a straddle bug start to go anywhere, he would bet you how long it would take for him to go to wherever he going to, and if you took him up, he would foller that straddle bug to Mexico but what he would find out where he was bound for and how long he was on the road. The writer, himself an audience, has to suffer through a Western mans tale about a jumping frog. It is difficult to read the story aloud with a straight face due to the heavy accent. A paragraph in the story goes: It was a good pup, was that Andrew Jackson, and would have made a name for hisself if he'd lived, for the stuff was in him, and he had genius I know it, because he hadn't had no opportunities to speak of, and it don't stand to reason that a dog c ould make such a fight as he could under them circumstances, if he hadn't no talent. It always makes me feel sorry when I think of that last fight of his'n, and the way it turned out. (Twain). In his book Me Talk Pretty One Day, Sedaris describes their migration to Raleigh and their parents attempts to stop them from acquiring the Raleigh accent, and the curious terms of endearment between his father and their last-born brother Paul, a clear misfit in the family. Sedaris portrays his father as seeking to micromanage everything in their life and feels that, as payback for that, life sent Paul, a half-literate misfit who punctuates his language with outrageous profanities. He is surprised at how the standards go drastically low to accommodate Paul. While for them, using the abbreviated form of you all, would have earned them punishment, Paul can say, Certain motherfuckers think they can fuck with my shit, but you can't kill the Rooster. You might can fuck him up sometimes, but, bitch , nobody kills the motherfucking Rooster. You know what I'm saying?" and he even calls his father to say, "Motherfucker, I ain't seen pussy in so long I'd throw stones at it." Nothing prepares the writer for the phenomenon that Paul is. Sedaris describes it as a complex hybrid of the local deep country laborer accent and hard-core rap music. He says conversation with Paul is like speaking to a foreigner and understanding only the terms motherfucker, bitch, and hoss and the phrase "You can't kill the Rooster." (Sedaris)Incongruity has been used to great effect in both of Sedaris and Twains stories. Twain uses objects in his story that would normally count as insignificant in most readers minds. He uses a dog that is inadvertently funny to bring the humor in Smileys compulsive gambling. There seems to be some understanding between Smiley and Andrew Jackson, the dog. Andrew would get into dogfights but weather the storm until all the bets against it were high enough, then it would pred ictably grab the other dogs hind leg and not let go until the opponent conceded defeat. Just when it looks impossible for Andrew to lose a fight, it faces a dog that had no hind leg. Andrew Jackson lost the fight and paid for it with its life. Twain employs the same comic tool when describing Smileys newfound champion, Dan'l Webster. Webster is a frog that Smiley caught and trained to jump. Wheeler describes it as being capable of responding to Smileys verbal cues, and even describes it as being modest, not bragging about its talent. In Me Talk Pretty One Day Sedar...

How to Form Question Tags in English

Basic questions in English are formed using the auxiliary verb followed by the subject which comes before the main verb. Auxiliary Verb Subject Main Verb Do you live in Poland?How long has she worked at that company? Sometimes we dont really want to ask a question but just want to check information. For example, if you are sure that a friend lives in Seattle but want to check to make sure, you might use a question tag. Tom lives in Seattle, doesnt he? In this case, it isnt necessary to ask a question because you already know the information. Using a question tag helps you confirm that the information you know is correct. Question tags can also change meaning based on how you pronounce the tag at the end of the sentence. If you raise your voice on the question tag you are asking if the information you just stated is indeed correct. Using question tags in this manner helps to make sure that you are doing something correctly, or understand a situation accurately. Here are some examples: A mom buying some jeans for her daughter: You wear size 2, dont you?A friend writing a birthday card to a friend: Peter was born on March 2, wasnt he?A job interviewer checking information on a resume: You havent worked at this company before, have you? At other times, you drop the voice at the question tag. When dropping the voice at the question tag, you indicate that you are confirming information. Here are some examples: Young man filling out a form speaking to his wife: We live on Cherry St, dont we?Friend looking at a calendar with a meeting noted: Were meeting later this afternoon, arent we?Friend speaking to her friend as they walk in the rain: The sun wont shine today, will it? Forming question tags is very easy. Remember that the question tag uses the auxiliary verb in the opposite form of the sentence itself. In other words, if the sentence is positive, the question tag takes the negative form of the auxiliary verb. If the sentence is negative, the question tag employs the positive form. Heres a quick review of principle tenses, the auxiliary form they take, and an example of a positive and a negative question tag for each tense: EXAMPLE 1. Tense: Past Continuous Auxiliary Verb: Was / Were (to be) Positive Sentence Question Tag Example: Andy was working when you arrived, wasnt he? Negative Sentence Question Tag Example: They werent waiting for you, were they? EXAMPLE 2. Tense: Present Perfect Auxiliary Verb: Have / Has (to have) Positive Sentence Question Tag Example: Harry has lived in New York for a long time, hasnt he? Negative Sentence Question Tag Example: We havent visited our friends in Chicago this year, have we? EXAMPLE 3. Tense: Past Perfect Auxiliary Verb: Had (to have) Positive Sentence Question Tag Example: They had finished before he arrived, hadnt they? Negative Sentence Question Tag Example: Jason hadnt already finished before you provided the update, had he? EXAMPLE 4. Tense: Future with Will Auxiliary Verb: Will Positive Sentence Question Tag Example: Tom will think about it, wont he? Negative Sentence Question Tag Example: They wont be able to come to the party, will they? EXAMPLE 5. Tense: Future with Going to Auxiliary Verb: Is / Are / Am (to be) Positive Sentence Question Tag Example: Tom is going to study Russian, isnt he? Negative Sentence Question Tag Example: They arent going to be at the meeting, are they?

Analysis Of The Play Death Of A Salesman Essay

The Transformation of the Protagonist What is it that makes a character relatable? When a writer develops a character they will often create tragedy or hardships for that character to endure. The character will then go through a transformation and become the hero that the story calls for, at least in most cases. Theatrical writing is no exception. In the play Death of a Salesman the protagonist is not necessarily the main character. The protagonist in this play is the main character’s son Biff. However, in the play Cat on a Hot Tin Roof it is harder to determine if the protagonist is Brick or Maggie, but I believe Brick is the main protagonist. In the play Dutchman it is quite the opposite and the protagonist, Clay, is very clearly emphasized. These three plays and their respective protagonists are all good examples of relatable characters that were transformed through the events of the plays. The protagonist of Death of a Salesman is Willy’s son Biff. Before his hardsh ip he is an overly confident football player who slides by in school because the neighbor boys helps him with his homework, and even does it for him sometimes. Willy praises him and lets him get away with stealing and being reckless. This leads Biff to develop some bad habits, but Willy makes excuses on Biff’s behalf because he believes his son will be successful in life if he is â€Å"well liked.† Later, Biff finds out that he won’t be able to graduate because he is failing math, so he seeks out his father’sShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Play Death Of A Salesman 954 Words   |  4 Pages Darrian Dowden AP English IV Death of a Salesman Written Assignment Death of a Salesman Character Analysis 1.Willy Loman. Although the main protagonist of the play, Willy Loman does not come to a certain self-realization. Searching and sifting through his memories (which cannot be completely taken as the truth as he reinvents them in a way to make them out as a golden era) he fails to recognize his slanted reality he’s lived in made up of his delusions. His forged relationship withRead MoreAnalysis Of The Play Death Of A Salesman 1041 Words   |  5 PagesResearch paper for â€Å"Death of a Salesman† In the play â€Å"death of a salesman† by author miller, the dramatist focuses on the theme of â€Å"the American dream†. Lowman, a botched salesman, is the protagonist of the play. Willy is certain that society only has room for winners. In support of this, the play’s theme demonstrates how a victim of â€Å"the American dream† can be destroyed by fabricated promises that will impact not only â€Å"business life but will conflict with personal relationships as well† (ElwellRead MoreAnalysis Of The Play Death Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1612 Words   |  7 Pages Selling More Than Just Merchandise The play, Death of a Salesman, by Arthur Miller explores topics that are parallel to the lives of the common man. This makes his play relevant during many different eras, as the central issues discussed correlate with struggles of everyday common people, no matter at what point in history the play is shown. This makes his play very versatile in nature as it can be shown throughout the decades. His play can be considered a classic story; one that cannot be forgottenRead MoreWilly from Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller: Abandoned and Flawed798 Words   |  4 Pages The dramatic play Death of a Salesman, composed by Arthur Miller in 1949 portrays the hours leading up to Willy Loman’s death. Willy is a sixty-year-old salesman living in Brooklyn New York with his wife Linda and after thirty-five years working as a traveling salesman he feels defeated by his lack of success and difficult family life. As a salesman, Willy Loman focuses more on personality and being well liked by everyone than actual skills. When he returns early from a business trip it is apparentRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman Tragedy Essay1365 Words   |  6 PagesDeath of a Salesman is a tragic play written in 1949 by Arthur Miller. The story is about a salesman who lost his identity after having an affair with another woman and can’t seem to accept the changes in his life since the event. The story has been performed in theaters and shown on film for many years. Lee Siegel, a writer for The Nation explains the role of Death of a Salesman in the entertainment industry: Every ten years or so, Death of a Salesman is revived, and every ten years we get theRead MoreComparing Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson 1403 Words   |  6 PagesFences written by August Wilson and Death of a Salesman written by Arthur Miller are two plays that could be considered very different in terms of their plot. The plots of both plays contain two very different cultural backgrounds which affects each protagonist differently. If the reader or audience looks past the plot into the theme and symbolisms used they can see that the plays are more similar than they are different. In spite of the different cultural backgrounds of each protagonist they bothRead More Death of a Salesman is a Tragedy as Defined in Millers Tragedy and the Common Man1046 Words   |  5 PagesDeath of a Salesman is a Tragedy as Defined in Millers Tragedy and the Common Man In Tragedy and the Common Man, Arthur Miller discusses his definition and criteria for tragedy as they apply to the common man. The criteria and standards proposed by Miller may be used to evaluate his timeless work, Death of A Salesman. The first major standard of tragedy set forth is:   â€Å"...if the exaltation of tragic action were truly a property of the high-bred character alone, it is inconceivable thatRead MoreWilly Loman, the Modern Hero in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman1739 Words   |  7 Pagesheroes, otherwise known as the protagonists, illustrated by tragic Greek playwrights, were never normal people. All heroes were citizens of high class, such as princes. This was due in part because plays were seen as a luxury for refined citizens. Aristocratic citizens did not want to pay to watch plays about the peasants of society. They wanted to relate to the characters; therefore, all heroes of Greek tragedy were elite members of society. An additional distinguishing factor of the Greek heroesRead MoreThemes Of Death Of A Salesman1286 Words   |  6 PagesA Blanketed Illusion Death of a Salesman is a tragicomedy centered on the events that take place at the end of Willy Loman’s life. From the opening act, we learn that Willy and his family struggle to behave as a united front when they face financial pressures and strained familial bonds. This causes Willy to become desperate for success and validation. Death of a Salesman has commonly been interpreted as an analysis of the American dream. Within the ideal American society, citizens believe that theRead MoreEssay about The American Dream in Death of a Salesman1371 Words   |  6 PagesArthur Miller’s ‘Death of a Salesman’ is an examination of American life and consumerism. It relates the story of a common man who portrays this lifestyle. Other issues explored in the play include: materialism, procrastination and alienation. The play was set in 1948, in a time where The American Dream was highly regarded, despite the Depression. The American Dream was a belief that emerged in th e later half of the nineteenth century, that if you work hard you will achieve success and prosperity

The Basics of Geology

Similarities Between Hero And Beowulf Superhero - 753 Words

Superheroes are unique and have abilities to do things that ordinary people cannot. A superhero does not have to have physical abilities. A superhero is a overall strong individual, whether their strength is mental or physical. Superheroes are unique and can vary in abilities. Beowulf is a superhero like the well known superheroes in television. Beowulf has similar characteristics to Incredible Hulk, Superman, and Spider-Man. Although Beowulf shares many characteristics, he also has many that makes him unique. Beowulf is strong like Incredible Hulk, but does not hurt anyone unless necessary. Beowulf is brave like Superman, although he is not as big. Lastly, Beowulf is daring like Spider-Man, even though he cannot shoot webs from his†¦show more content†¦Beowulf’s strong abilities allow him to lift a sword made for the giants. Although Beowulf is like Incredible Hulk, they also have differences. Unlike Incredible Hulk, Beowulf is not mean. Beowulf cares for his country and only strives to protect them. Incredible Hulk is mean, and bullies anyone in his way. People run away from Beowulf, just like they would Incredible Hulk. People runaway from them because they are scared of their strengths. â€Å"Grendel’s one thought was to run from Beowulf†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Raffel, 1963, l.330-331). Beowulf is capable of lifting very heavy things, and which make him very powerful to the world. Secondly, Beowulf is daring and wild like Spider-Man. Beowulf is daring in many ways, and is not afraid to try new things and take risks. Beowulf will do whatever he has to in order to keep his country safe including going into a lake full of monsters. As stated in the book, â€Å"He leaped into the lake†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Raffel, 1963, l.467). Spider-Man is different from Beowulf, in the fact that he can swing from building to building using webs that come from his fingers. Beowulf and Spider-Man are similar by the risks they take. Beowulf takes many risks to save his country. â€Å"Beowulf resolves to kill Grendel’s monstrous mother†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Raffel, 1963, p.52). Beowulf is daring and takes many risks. Lastly, Beowulf is brave like Superman. Beowulf and Superman are both trying to help save their areas. Beowulf is trying everything he can do to save his country including doing thingsShow MoreRelatedThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1317 Words   |  6 Pagesdescribe a hero: immense strength (physically and/or mentally), loyalty, honesty, dependability, etc. A hero is somebody who is a role model to many, so it makes sense that traits like the ones above are commonly looked for. When comic books were first introduced, in the early part of the twentieth century, they were not very popular. However, when World War II began, people began reading and enjoying comic books because of the different stories they told. Wonder Woman is a very well-known superhero. HerRead MoreBeowulf and Superman Essay689 Words   |  3 PagesBeowulf, an anonymous English epic, is an archaic poem written in the times of the Anglo-Saxon reign in England. It speaks of a mighty hero, Beowulf, who thro ugh his great courage, strength, and cunning is able to defeat evil and vicious monsters and save his people. Beowulf shows great power and resourcefulness, and in this way is similar to one of my heroes, Superman. Beowulf and Superman have many similarities and differences. Superman and Beowulf have some obvious similarities. ForRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare953 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf is one of the most well known pieces of literature in history. Written between 700 and 1000 AD, this poem has captured the minds of scholars, historians, and readers across the globe. However, despite the fact that it has been passed down for numerous centuries, perhaps one of its most fascinating characteristics are the intriguing battles that Beowulf, the protagonist, takes on. Throughout this epic poem, Beowulf takes on many battles, all of which are practically unwinnable. Each battleRead MoreBeowulf, By William Shakespeare1512 Words   |  7 Pagesmore at play in Beowulf than just heroism and monstrousness (for lack of a better term) and their interrelation; however, a great deal of the poem’s meaning derives from the parallels between them. It is clear from his depiction in the poem Beowulf that the titular hero is clearly drawn as a parallel to the very monsters he fights. To today’s reader, the poet’s attempt to create this similarity may be off-putting. After all, the meaning of ‘monster’ is likely different than that of ‘hero’ to a contemporaryRead MoreLiterary Vs. Real Life Heroes1618 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"What makes a hero different in literature compared to real life heroes?† The heroes in literature works can be traced back through centuries of stories. A hero is usually seen as the â€Å"good† guy or the savior. They exhibit heroic behaviors. A literary hero can be critiqued into many different forms of literary heroes. Real life heroes are people in everyday life that do nobel exhibits in everyday life that people see as heroic. Both literary and real life heros have some similarities and differencesRead MoreThe Modern Medieval Hero1679 Words   |  7 Pages The Modern Medieval Hero The Modern Medieval Hero Bruce Wayne was only but a child when he watched helplessly as his parents were gunned down in front of him during a mugging in Gotham City. This crime would come to define his life. To the public, he would excel and succeed his father and become the heir and millionaire of the Wayne corporation. In secret, he would dedicate himself to becoming one of the world’s greatest weapons against crime—the Batman. Batman perfectly embodies

Questions and Answers on Computer Memory Free Essays

Many changes have been seen lately in both 1/0 and memory. What are some of the newer technology innovations you have seen In regards to 1/0 and Memory? What are the different types of Memory and how much Is recommended? In the past 10 years there have been many changes In technology. We went from burning CDC to downloading songs to an MPH player. We will write a custom essay sample on Questions and Answers on Computer Memory or any similar topic only for you Order Now We went from a big boxed TV’s to Flat screen TV’s that you can control with your hand and voice. The memory on these things has Improved as well. With the Cad’s only being able to hold around 700 MS, while MPH players can hold up to BIBB or more. And hard drives use to only go to 1 TAB, now there are hard drives that can hold up to TPTB or more. My favorite new technology Is the smart phones. Who would have thought back In 2000 that our phones would be miniature computers, and that there would be an App for everything. From banking to real estate, to even ordering your food right from your phones APS. It’s amazing What are the different types of Memory and how much is recommended? There are several kinds of memory such as RAM, SD and USB. With how much memory is commended is up to the user. If you’re going to use the computer for just email and homework and normal tasks then you won’t need as much memory or RAM as someone who is using his computer to play video games. That’s cool that you work for Apple. I have never owned or really used a Mac Computer but that feature that Lion offered called â€Å"Resume† sounds awesome. I can think of thousands of times that would have come in handy. With working on projects for work or even writhing reports for school and then the power goes out and there goes all your hard work erased. How to cite Questions and Answers on Computer Memory, Papers

Ethics Responsibility for Volkswagen -myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theEthics Professional Responsibility for Volkswagen. Answer: Introduction Business ethics is one of the extremely important attribute related to operations in the contemporary business world. Ethics could be considered as the moral judgment of right or wrong by an individual but in terms of business moral judgment clearly stands to be an important. Even though moral judgment is a part of ethics in business but it is not all and ethics is seen in a broader sense especially in the operations of a business. The decisions taken within an organisation has to be ethical in other words it should be suitable for all the stakeholders of the organisation. It is important to note that ethics plays a huge role in the effective operations of the organisation especially when it comes to performing the social responsibilities efficiently (Ogunyemi, 2017). In the history of business there are number of instances when ethics took the backseat and the personal interest got the upper hand and this is when scandals are created. It is important for the business organisations t o keep in mind the aspect of ethics which would help the organisation to make sure it has effective corporate relationship with all the stakeholders. In the last few years there have been number of unethical incidents but the one which has perfectly managed to shake the corporate world is the emission scandal by Volkswagen. The Emission scandal of VW in the years 2015 has revolutionised the automobile industry as governments and environmental agencies did not spare a single chance to rebuke the company that owns brands like Audi, Bentley, Bugatti Porsche and some other exclusive brands (Bowie, 2017). Hence the present report will be based on the discussion of the 2015 emission scandal by VW. Analysis of the VW Emission Scandal The Volkswagen Emission Scandal is a perfect example of how organisations rather to say influential organisations like Volkswagen can shape the ethical and political environment of business. For a long period of time VW aspired to become the leading automaker in the world and it has been able to achieve that. The organisation has now become the leading automotive organisation in terms of sales and revenue as well as in terms of production and hence it clearly shows the organisational capability as well as the customer loyalty. Many have disparaged this for VWs overambitious attitude towards business and have concluded this incident as the ultimate result of this (Medeiros et al., 2017). VW is a German Automobile firm which has owned number of top brands in the world and have equally done well with all the brands it sells but sometimes the complete elimination of ethics from the organisational operation creates self made trap that could ruin the overall stature of a business in a very short time. It could be said that most of the organisations working in the automobile industry have found a reason to constantly look down upon the organisation and compete highlighting the debacle in the international market. Even though the organisation has lost the edge after the emission scandal it still stands to be one of the key organisations in the global automobile industry. It is important to understand the emission scandal and the aspect of ethics related to it (Lindebaum, Geddes and Gabriel, 2017). The organisation Volkswagen had a long term vision of becoming world number one in terms of sales and revenue by 2018 and in order to do that the organisation did the unethical sort of deeds. The action forcing event to this whole story started in 2015 when a group of scientists at West Virginia University were testing diesel engine cars on the road. The international Council of Clean Transportation an NGO tried to fund the research and it hired scientists to test cars and do emission testing on certain cars (Sison, 2015). The organisation VW had been promoting their diesel cars for a fair amount of time back in 2015 and emphasised on the fact that diesel cars are much environment friendly and efficient but researcher scientists saw a dramatically different result when the team tested the diesel engines of VW, and this is where the entire issue started. The team repeated the study and to confirm their findings and this clearly showed that the promotional words of the company largely differ with the real test results and the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) suspected that the organisation VW has fitted a defeat device which is tampering the results to a large extent while being on road and during the tests (Clemente and Gabbioneta, 2017). The ICCT took information from 15 different vehicles which gave the same results and this clearly indicated that the organisation might have done it deliberately to increase sales and revenue. The information went to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) which declared that the organisation VW has violated the Clean Air Act by illegally fitting in defeat device which is a kind of software that helps to give different results by detecting the mode of the car in different situations. In multiple countries the organisation became the subject to investigations and series of cars of VW were banned in different countries especially in US, UK, Canada and in Asian countries like India, China et cetera. These governments started running strong investigations against the organisation which revealed more about heinous conspiracy. Even some of the newspapers labeled this incident as the costliest act of stupidity in the history of automobile industry. It is important to note that the organisation definitely thought a lot about this deed before they executed which clearly shows the unethical mindset and behavior of the organisation. However the biggest tragedy of the entire scandal is the enormous amount of nitrogen oxide that was released in the atmosphere (Wood, 2017). Amidst such strong environmental campaign to let people know Climate change is real this incident acted as a thorn which definitely hurt the globe to a large extent there are number of people who felt VW ne eds to be banned from making more cars after this incident but it is important to understand that self interest often gets better of collective interest if its seen from the philosophical perspective. As per the report released by the EPA around 40% of the NOx emission happen from the cars and in-spite of knowing such fact the organisation did something like this that clearly showed ethics in the contemporary business environment just exist as a term and nothing else. There have been number of debates over this act of one of the leading automakers in the world but it cannot be denied that VW acted extremely unethically which needs to be compensated but this still remains a questions whether mere monetary compensation could suffice the needs of the environment or not (Ewing, 2017). VW in order to salvage their face as a brand announced to set aside 6.5 billion euro in order to bring back the faulty pieces and revamp the cars to comply with the pollution standards but did not unequivocally take the responsibility or accepted the outcomes of the incident. The organisation thought it as a conspiracy that came within the organisation may be to taint its pride which can be the fact but what one sees believes and hence theres no point looking for clues when the entire incident is displayed in a salver. The organisation faced steep fall in its share price within the day of release of the scandal and started facing the wrath of the market. In the US the organisation is already facing huge financial penalty per car. The sales of the company has fallen by a significant share which shows the awareness of the consumers and their resolute mindset to eliminate anything that impacts the environment. It could be said from the present incident that the organisation definitely d idnt understand the aftereffect of the issue if it somehow gets revealed and hence acted in an utterly unprofessional manner but with deep environmental impact (Latif, 2017). VW Scandal and Ethics As stated earlier ethics should form the very base of the organisation and it should be working in the organisation as the rudimentary policy which a company should follow. In this case of VW ethics was not there or else the organisation wouldnt have fitted 11million cars with the defeat device. It is important to note that the organisation should have thought prudently before implementing something that goes against the environment but it did not do that and rather worked in a very selfish manner. The company should have thought about the collective good of the community but attaching the defeat device was mainly done to deceive people and foil their lies regarding the emission in the diesel cars (Ruiz-Alba and Lpez-Toro, 2017). The organisation said upright lies about low emission and acted unprofessionally which clearly had implications on its business. The organisation did not act as per the theory of ethics companies like VW should have followed utilitarianism as the ethical mainstay but the organisation acted in a selfish manner clearly not willing to focus on collective good. From the broader perspective the wrong reporting of CO2 is definitely not good for the organisation since it lost the customer loyalty as well as the sales and revenue of the organisation (Schwartz, 2017). The VW scandal is a great example of how companies could react against cases and get themselves stuck in the ditch. It is also a great example of bad corporate ethics as the organisation did not completely accept this fault and stated that it is a technical error which would be fixed right away unfortunately this did not happen and hence it could be said that the VWs scandal is a egregious breach of faith and loyalty of the cons umers which the organisation paid back through loss of customers, sales and plenty of financial lawsuits from different parts of the world (Gates et al., 2017). From the ethical point of view the organisation should have focused on understanding the situation and taking steps accordingly rather than completely denying the fact and trying to avoid the situation. As a leading brand the organisation should have understood ethics in a better way and exhibited that effectively to make sure things dont go bad for the organisation which clearly did not happen and situations worsened with the organisation denying this fault (The Independent, 2017). VW wouldnt certainly be the last company trying to deceive governments and it is not the first as well but VW clearly made the Governments to become more prudent about the way they provide relaxation to companies like these and will tend to be stronger with the testing and examinations but to say it could be said that from the ethical point of view the organisation was clearly not right as it acted upon its own interest, did not thing about collective good that involves the environment too and also clearl y worked unprofessionally denying the issue that also puts a red cross on their ethics check box (Schwartz, 2017). Conclusion From the present discussion it could be said that ethics plays a huge role in the development of an organisation as a brand in the market. A brand should act ethically and think about collective good of the community through its products rather being focused on self interest and having negative effects on the environment and on the faith of the organisation. Overall to conclude it could be said that the VW scandal is the perfect example of ethics not in use in business and hence companies should focus on using this effectively for better organisational result in the market as consumers are aware more than ever and will not spare organisations that dont follow ethical business path. References Bowie, N.E., 2017.Business ethics: A Kantian perspective. Cambridge University Press. Clemente, M. and Gabbioneta, C., 2017. How does the media frame corporate scandals? The case of German newspapers and the Volkswagen diesel scandal.Journal of Management Inquiry, p.1056492616689304. Ewing, J., 2017.Faster, Higher, Farther: The Volkswagen Scandal. WW Norton Company. Gates, G., Ewing, J., Russell, K. and Watkins, D. (2017).How Volkswagens Defeat Devices Worked. [online] Nytimes.com. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/business/international/vw-diesel-emissions-scandal-explained.html [Accessed 12 Oct. 2017]. The Independent. (2017).Volkswagen emissions scandal. [online] Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/volkswagen-emissions-scandal [Accessed 12 Oct. 2017]. Jung, K., Chilton, K. and Valero, J.N., 2017. Uncovering stakeholders in publicprivate relations on social media: a case study of the 2015 Volkswagen scandal.Quality Quantity,51(3), pp.1113-1131. kansascity. (2017).VW scandal a case study in bad corporate ethics. [online] Available at: https://www.kansascity.com/opinion/editorials/article87287037.html [Accessed 12 Oct. 2017]. Latif, A.A., 2017. Volkswagen brand: the fall of an auto empire.Journal for Global Business Advancement,10(3), pp.281-304. Lindebaum, D., Geddes, D. and Gabriel, Y., 2017. Moral emotions and ethics in organisations: Introduction to the special issue.Journal of Business Ethics,141(4), pp.645-656. Medeiros, K.E., Watts, L.L., Mulhearn, T.J., Steele, L.M., Mumford, M.D. and Connelly, S., 2017. What is Working, What is Not, and What We Need to Know: a Meta-Analytic Review of Business Ethics Instruction.Journal of Academic Ethics, pp.1-31. Ogunyemi, K., 2017. Ethics in Business.Managing for Responsibility: A Sourcebook for an Alternative Paradigm. Prasad, N., Kumar, V. and Kapoor, S., 2017. Business Ethics: A Decision Between Right or Wrong.Journal of Public Policy Environmental Management,1(1), pp.20-30. Ruiz-Alba, J. and Lpez-Toro, A., 2017. Volkswagen's scandal. Schwartz, M.S., 2017.Business Ethics: An Ethical Decision-Making Approach. John Wiley Sons. Sison, A., 2017. Handbook of virtue ethics in business and management. Wood, G., 2017. Reflections on Business Ethics through 1992-2017.European Business Review, (just-accepted), pp.00-00.

Market Research for Retail & Distribution - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theMarket Research for Retail Distribution Management. Answer: Introduction Consumer behaviour and consumer buying decisions have a key role to play in any business organization. Children and their responses to the sale promotions have a major impact on the buying decisions of the parents, thus altering the familys consumer behaviour. This assignment highlights the findings from the given article and analyses how these findings could be used successfully in one of the major brands of Sydney, namely Coles. Discussion According to the article by (Boland et al. 2012), children have a key role to play in influencing the purchase behavior of their parents and the family. The various sales promotions such as the buy one-get one (BOGO) offer are often a lucrative one for the children. They often claim that since the items are on sale, hence they should indulge in buying the items. As children tend to learn the daily life terminologies, it has been observed that they tend to develop idea regarding the sales and pricing of various items (Charry and Demoulin 2014). Children of age 5-12 years, accompanying their parents in any shopping session, have the power of influencing the purchase decision of their parents (Boland et al. 2012). As a marketing manager of Coles, it is important to ensure that promotional activities that are attractive to the children be incorporated in Coles. This will have a significant influence on the purchase decisions of the consumers. Incorporation of the promotional offers such as BOGO offer, or high discounts on the products of the interest of children is useful for affecting the purchase behavior (Boland et al. 2012). The childrens buying power is strong along with the persuasive power to persuade their parents to buy a particular product (Charry and Demoulin 2014). However, the powers of the children have often being ignored in context of influencing the purchase decisions. The findings of the article by Boland et al. 2012, highlights that most of the children prefer to persuade their parents to buy the products that is on sale. Moreover, the awareness about the percentage of sale given on each item is also a determining factor for the purchase decision of the children (Williams et al. 2013). Thus, in Coles, it is important to ensure that items such as stationeries, chocolates, beverages for children, chips and biscuits need to be given on discounts or sale (Matthes and Naderer 2015). Moreover, in order to ensure the launch and sale of a new product, discounts and promotions will attract the children, thus influencing the buying decisions of their parents. The perceived value of the various products, among the children is high and they are well aware of the discounts, sales as well as promotions. Conclusion The children have a major power to influence the buying decisions of their parents and family. Moreover, they are well-aware of the discounts and promotions that are given in the stores, while they go for shopping with their parents. Thus, it is essential that the top brands of Sydney, such as Coles, use this power in the children to enhance their business and sales. References Boland, W.A., Connell, P.M. and Erickson, L.M., 2012. Children's response to sales promotions and their impact on purchase behavior. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 22(2), pp.272-279. Charry, K. and Demoulin, N.T., 2014. Childrens response to co-branded products: the facilitating role of fit. International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 42(11/12), pp.1032-1052 Matthes, J. and Naderer, B., 2015. Children's consumption behavior in response to food product placements in movies. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 14(2), pp.127-136. Williams, J., Ashill, N. and Thirkell, P., 2016. How is value perceived by children?. Journal of Business Research, 69(12), pp.5875-5885

benjamin bloom Essays

benjamin bloom Essays benjamin bloom Essay benjamin bloom Essay Benjamin Bloom: The Development of American Education America is filled with a history of significant events that have taken place over time. Its interesting to learn how specific events, people, places or subjects have greatly influenced our history in ways that still impact our lives today. Because I really value history as a subject, I have enjoyed researching Benjamin Bloom and the findings of his impact on American Education. He made many great contributions in the area of education. A great deal of his research focused on the study of ducational objectives, many of which have been evaluated by numerous individuals, particularly teachers in the class room. His extraordinary findings grasped the attention of many and are still utilized today. Benjamin S. Bloom was a Jewish-American psychologist. He was born in Lansford, Pennsylvania on February 21, 1913. Bloom had attended the Pennsylvania State University where he obtained his bachelors and masters degree in 1935. Upon doing so, he then moved to the University of Chicago where he completed his Ph. D. n education in 1942 and served as a member of the Board of Examinations. In 1944, he was appointed as the Instructor of Educational Psychology. Bloom died at the age of eighty six at his home in Chicago on September 13, 1999. He was survived by his wife and two his two sons, David and Jonathan. Bloom was a well known educational theorist and teacher. Together with a group of cognitive psychologists at the University of Chicago, Bloom developed his theory on taxonomy and his book of Taxonomy of Educational Objectives Handbook 1: The Cognitive Domain was published in 1956. His theory of taxonomy however is his most significant work. It promoted the concept that any any given task favors one of three psychological domains; cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. The cognitive domain deals with the ability to process and utilize information in a meaningful way. The affective domain is concerned with the attitudes and feelings that result from the learning process. The psychomotor domain involves manipulative or physical skills. Similar to Abraham Maslow and his hierarchy of needs, Bloom believed that in each of his psychological domains there are levels of learning and an individual must be ble to perform at the lower level before they can advance. The cognitive domain involves both knowledge and the development of intellectual skills. In 1956, Bloom headed a group of educational psychologists who developed a classification of levels of intellectual behavior that are important to learning. Bloom discovered that over 95% of the test questions students encounter require them to think only at the lowest level possible. There are six major categories, starting from the simplest behavior to the most complex evaluation. This multi tiered odel of classifying thinking according to the six levels of complexity is known as Blooms Taxonomy. The levels provide a basis for questioning that ensures that the students progress to their highest level on understanding. The keywords listed after the definition represent some of that tasks that the student can accomplish in each of the categories. The first level in Blooms Taxonomy is Knowledge: Remembering or recognizing something previously encountered without necessarily understanding, using, or cnanglng It. some 0T tne Keynuoras tnat Tall unaer Knowledge are: aennes, escribes, identifies, knows, matches, names. The second level is known as Comprehension: Understanding the material being communicated without necessarily relating it to anything else. Some of the keywords that fall under this category are: distinguishes, estimates, explains, locate. The third tier is is called Application: Using general concepts to solve a problem. Some of the keywords that fall under application are: apply, demonstrate, interpret, sketch, solve. The fourth tier is called Analysis: The ability to break down material into its component parts. Keywords include: analyze, appraise, calculate, criticize, experiment, question. The fifth tier is called Synthesis: The ability to put parts together to form a new whole. Key words include: arrange, assemble, collect, construct, manage, plan, prepare. The last tier, but not at all the least important, is Evaluation: The ability to Judge that value of material for a given purpose. Keywords may include: argue, assess, Judge,predict, rate, value, evaluate. In ED 205, we only talked briefly about Bloom and his taxonomy. However, when you really pick it apart and analyze all the steps, you as a future teacher begin to nderstand and assess the value of it for your children and how it can change their learning experience. I personally value Blooms Taxonomy and I believe that it is a basic process that most people use to learn and remember a new concept. Almost all projects start with an idea where students are to create their own outline or idea and then evaluate and analyze that idea. Once the idea has been applied it will help the students understand the concept, which makes remembering it much easier. According to www. pro]ects. coe. uga. edu, While it should be noted that other ducational taxonomies and hierarchical systems have been developed, Blooms Taxonomy which remains, even after nearly fifty years, the de facto standard. More and more educators are beginning to use this as a method of classifying educational goals and objectives in their classroom. Blooms Taxonomy has also been used by researchers and administrators, old and new, at any level of education necessary. This is truly what gave Bloom the ambition to link his name to all of these terms that he created in his new invention, for th ey will always be a part of his legacy, a forever widely used critical thinking tool. In class we discussed why Blooms Taxonomy is a very helpful tool to use as you being to plan your own lessons as a teacher. Some teachers may argue that his taxonomy is no longer used in todays educational world because it is seen as ineffective. Everyone has their own arguments for different ideas. The fact that I am still learning about it today and can see the impact it can have on future educators and students such as myself, I know that this critical thinking strategy will always remain in my life as well as the lives of many others, no matter what their profession may be.

Mark Twain as a Realist Writer

Mark Twain as a Realist Writer Considered one of the great American Realist  writers, Mark Twain is not only celebrated for the stories he tells but also the way in which he tells them, with an unmatched ear for the English  language and sensitivity to the diction of the common man.  To flesh out his stories, Twain also drew heavily on his personal experiences, most notably his work as a riverboat captain on the Mississippi, and never shied from portraying everyday issues in starkly honest terms.   Dead-On Dialects Twain was a master of conveying the local vernacular in his writing.  Read The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, for example, and youll immediately hear the distinctive Southern dialect of that region.   For example, when Huck Finn attempts to help Jim, a slave, escape to freedom by paddling a canoe down the Mississippi, Jim  thanks  Huck profusely: Huck yous de  bes  fren Jims ever had:  en  yous de  only  fren olde Jims got now. Later in the story, in chapter 19, Huck hides while he witnesses deadly violence between two feuding families:   I staid in the tree till it begun to get ​dard, afraid to come down. Sometimes I heard guns away off in the woods; and twice I seen little gangs of men gallop past the log-store with guns; so I reckoned the trouble was still agoing on. On the other hand, the language in Twains short story The Celebrated  Jumping Frog of Calaveras County reflects both  the narrators upscale Eastern Seaboard roots and the local vernacular of his interview subject, Simon Wheeler. Here, the narrator describes his initial encounter with Wheeler: I found Simon Wheeler dozing comfortably by the bar-room stove of the old, dilapidated tavern in the ancient mining camp of Angels, and I noticed that he was fat and bald-headed, and had an expression of winning gentleness and simplicity upon his tranquil countenance. He roused up and gave me good-day. And here is Wheeler describing a local dog celebrated for his fighting spirit: And he had a little small bull pup, that to look at him youd think he wans worth a cent, but to set around and look ornery, and lay for a chance to steal something. But as soon as money was up on him, he was a different dog; his underjawd begin to stick out like the focastle of a steamboat, and his teeth would uncover, and shine savage like the furnaces. A River Runs Through It Twain became a riverboat cub- or trainee- in 1857 when he was still known as Samuel Clemens. Two years later, he earned his full pilots license. As he learned to navigate the Mississippi, Twain became very familiar with the language of the river. Indeed, he adopted his famous pen name from his river experience. Mark Twain- meaning two fathoms- was a navigational term used on the Mississippi. All of the adventures- and there were many- that Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn experienced on the Mighty Mississippi relate directly to Twains own experiences. Tales of Abuse And while Twain is rightly famous for his humor, he was also unflinching in his portrayal of abuses of power. For instance,  A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthurs Court,  while absurd, remains a biting political commentary. And for all his pluck, Huckleberry Finn is still an abused and neglected 13-year-old boy, whose father is a mean drunk. We see this world from Hucks point of view as he attempts to cope with his environment and deal with the circumstances into which he is thrown. Along the way, Twain explodes social conventions and depicts the hypocrisy of civilized society. No doubt Twain had a terrific knack for story construction. But it was his flesh and blood characters- the way they spoke, the way they interacted with their surroundings, and the honest descriptions of their experiences- that brought his  stories to life.

Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Argument - Essay Example Further, college enrolment at present day and time is shocking in the sense that, there is low college enrolment among the disadvantaged and minority groups. Socio economic factors, is also argued as another deterrent to progressive education in America, and this is evident among Hispanics, African Americans and the Asians. Surveys since 1980 have shown a static progress with respect to female enrolment in college (Ross & Kena 2012, p.5). The gap between the affluent and the disadvantaged has not changed for a while, and this provides the support for the argument that more need to be done to improve college enrolment in America. In a 2010 report, there is still a higher rate of non-white living in abject poverty whereby this result in constraints to enroll their children for college education (Ross & Kena, 2012, p.5). Barriers such as ethno-cultural inclinations act as an impediment to accessing college education. The underrepresentation among different cultural groups in the America n society is slowing down the progress of accessing higher education. There are other groups who feel not part of the establishment, and regard accessing postsecondary education as inconsequential. At the present, the education system is not active in appealing to the underprivileged groups. As a result, access to higher education in the American society still lacks equity, as there is need for an inclusive knowledge based society. In addition, there are issues not taken serious by the system, and this includes engaging in motivation the underrepresented of the benefit of accessing college education. This group still lack necessary information regarding the importance of accessing post-secondary education. Further, public funds are not equitably distributed to support the development of higher education in America. While other states are way ahead, there are other states that still require federal support. The regions with higher minority population still need federal funding to adv ance higher learning. There still occurrences where postsecondary students aspiring to join college are unaware of the existence of financial aid. As a result, the disadvantaged students give up on their ambitions to pursue higher learning (College Student Alliance 2011, p.30). In perspective, the situation regarding financial barrier to accessing higher learning is real. The number of youth accessing higher education from affluent homes remains higher compared to those from disadvantaged homes. There are no grassroots structures to help youth from minority groups accessing government aid and attend the prestigious colleges in America (College Student Alliance 2011, p. 30). On another note, social mobility still lack in the fabric of the American society and social status still dictates the university to attend. The percentage of affluent students enrolling in prestigious and private colleges is higher, compared to youth from poor families. Prestigious colleges are still reluctant i n providing enrolment information to the disadvantaged neighborhoods. According to Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission (2013, p.8), it is still a common occurrence to record a smaller enrolment among the disadvantaged groups in prestigious institutions such as Oxbridge. The government participation in promoting higher educati

When I came to the USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

When I came to the USA - Essay Example Without a doubt, it was a challenge for me as I had to assimilate. As a kid growing up in my home country, I was an average kids who loved to play sports and tried hard in school. However when my parents decided to come to America, the transition was without a doubt difficult. I had to adapt to a new language, new customs, and a whole new culture. Yet, I never gave up I came from an environment where things were conservative. When my brother and I arrived to the U.S.A we were very tired. Our journey was so long and in midst of coming to USA, we did not even have a last proper meal. You can imagine the anxiety, sadness and yet excitement in our hearts. It was a chaotic moment where I had mixed notions. Finally, we landed in the airport as the flight was really long. I could not sleep in the airplane because of the loud humming noise of the engine. Additionally, I was too anxious to land to America, which added to my anxiety. Finally, we landed and got a taxi to a nearby town where we would settle. The neighborhood was close to our school, as that was our main priority. After we reached the new town, we decided to settle in a hotel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     We were looking for a place to stay for almost 3 hours, I was really tired that my feet were trembling and I could not stand up anymore. Finally, we found a room in a hotel, but we werent comfortable. The hotel was terrible because there was a distinct smell. We knew it was not a top hotel due to our budget constraints. Also, it was really dark that we could not see the end of the lobby. A few minutes after looking around, we decided to take the room my brother asked," do you want to stay to night in this hotel? "And I said, "I do not feel comfortable." As soon as I finished my sentence, my brother understood what I was feeling and at once canceled the reservation. We continued looking for a room and we found one, that better than the first one. We took that room for a couple days. At that time, we also were

Decision Making Process for University Choice

Decision Making Process for University Choice In this research student behaviour has played an important role in defining their selection about their university and needs. Before coming to Australia they have to think about the reputation of the university. Sometimes they get some information from internet, agents, and educational portals etc. The buying decision process is the decision-making process used by consumers regarding market transactions before, during, and after the purchase of a good or service. It can be seen as a particular form of a cost-benefit analysis in the presence of multiple alternatives. Need Recognition Problem Awareness: At this stage, the buyer recognizes a problem or need or responds to a marketing stimulus. It occurs when a consumer discovers an unmet need that must be fulfilled. Kotler and Keller (2011) highlight the importance of understanding consumer buying behaviour and the ways how the customers choose their products and services can be extremely important for manufacturers as well as service providers as this provides them with competitive advantage over its competitors in several aspects. For example, they may use the knowledge obtained through studying the consumer buying behaviour to set their strategies towards offering the right products and services to the right audience of customers reflecting their needs and wants effectively. Information search: The information search stage is the next step that the customers may take after they have recognized the problem or need in order to find out what they feel is the best solution. This is the buyers effort at searching the internal and external business environments to identify and observe sources of information related to the focal buying decision. The field of information has come a long way in the last forty years, and has enabled easier and faster information discovery. Consumers can rely on print, visual, and/or voice media for getting information. A customer can obtain from several sources: Personal sources: Family, Friends, Neighbours, etc. Commercial Sources: Advertising; Salespeople; Retailers; Dealers; Packing; Point-of-sale Display. Public sources: Newspapers, Radio, Television, Consumer Organisations. Experiential sources: Handling, Examining, Using the product. Evaluation of Alternatives: An important determinant of the extent of evaluation is whether the customer feels involved in the product. By involvement, we mean the degree of perceived relevance and personal importance that accompanies the choice. Where a purchase is highly involving, the customer is likely to carry out extensive evaluation. High-involvement purchases include those involving high expenditure or personal risk for example buying a house, a car or making investments. Low involvement purchases (e.g. buying a soft drink, choosing some breakfast cereals in the supermarket) have very simple evaluation processes. The answer lies in the kind of information that the marketing team needs to provide customers in different buying situations. In high-involvement decisions, the marketer needs to provide a good deal of information about the positive consequences of buying. The sales force may need to stress the important attributes of the product, the advantages compared with the competition; and maybe even encourage trial or sampling of the product in the hope of securing the sale. Purchase: This is the fourth stage, where the purchase takes place. According to Kotler, Keller, Koshy and Jha (2009), the final purchase decision can be disrupted by two factors: negative feedback from other customers and the level of motivation to comply or accept the feedback. For example, after going through the above three stages, a customer chooses to buy a Nikon DSLR camera. However, because his good friend, who is also a photographer, gives him negative feedback, he will then be bound to change his preference. Secondly, the decision may be disrupted due to unanticipated situations such as a sudden job loss or the closing of a retail store. Post-Purchase Evaluation-Cognitive Dissonance: The final stage is the post-purchase evaluation of the decision. It is common for customers to experience concerns after making a purchase decision. This arises from a concept that is known as cognitive dissonance. The customer, having bought a product, may feel that an alternative would have been preferable. In these circumstances that customer will not repurchase immediately, but is likely to switch brands next time. To manage the post-purchase stage, it is the job of the marketing team to persuade the potential customer that the product will satisfy his or her needs. Then after having made a purchase, the customer should be encouraged that he or she has made the right decision. To find information about our research, I have conducted two methods to collect information. Primary Data Secondary Data Primary Data: On 3rd February 2017, an instant survey was carried out among 15 English of Academic Purpose (EAP), three students were female and twelve students were male. The purpose of the survey was to discover the view of the students on a number of matters of personal concern. Secondary Data: To collect secondary data, I have relied on Internet, articles, and web sites. Secondary data basically supported our secondary data analysis. Since, our overall findings are totally resulted from our primary data, secondary data have hardly impact on it. The survey was conducted by means of a questionnaire given to the students to complete. There were four different types of category. The categories are- Needs, Information Search, Evaluation of alternatives/personal reasons, Post-Purchase Evaluation. Under these categories there were 39 questions. The first category covered Needs in these section students had showed their willingness to study in Australia. Maximum number of students have chosen Australia to obtain higher degree is very important, which is 13 students, and only 2 students choose it is important. The next question was gain international experience in their area of study; among 15 students 15 students said its vary important and important to get a degree from Australia which will help them to boost up their career. Around 60% students think that to gain residence ship and citizenship is very important and important. Rest of the 40% students believes that it is not important to get residence and citizenship. 15 students have come from different country to make their life style better because Australia standard of living is very high. Among these 15 students 11 students said it is very important to get better standard life style. On the other hand, maximum number of international students has come to earn sum of money. After completion of their main program, 100% students want to get better employment opportunity if they have to return their home country. Moreover, 12 out of 15 students said it is very important to develop English language skill in a foreign country. The next category is information search. In this section students have researched on universities before came to Australia from different source. Family and friends are the main source to get information about study in foreign country. Among 15 students most of the students said it is very important and important trustworthy source to get exact information about university and country selection process. Advertisements on the Internet and Education portal were the most popular information search; chosen by 9 and 8 students and they said it is important. Sometimes students relied on Agents and Education fairs to choose their universities and subjects to study in Australia. 6 and 8 out of 15 students said agents are very important and important to choose universities and subjects.   Around 50% of students think that Ex-students from IIBIT is important to get information about this university. On the other hand, 6 out of 15 students said that it is not important to get help from E x-students. On third category students have some personal reasons to choose this university. Initially, they were looking for the cost of program as well as scholarships. Approximately, 50% students said that it is very important to get scholarship and low cost for their program, and its important chosen by 50% students. This university gives opportunity to pay tuition fees in installment that is why student have chosen this university. To survive in Australia every student has to work in part-time job. Students think that if they study in IIBIT, they can pass the course easily and have part-time job opportunity. Sometimes the location of university is very important to study in Sydney. They can access to the central easily from anywhere in Sydney.   The quality of teacher and campus facility, such as library, classroom, canteen, and lab, is very important for a proper university. Maximum number of students said that these things are very important to get proper knowledge. On the forth category, EAP students have to analysis the post purchase evaluation. Cost of program is higher than expected, because when students came to IIBIT they did not get actual facilities from this university. Every semester, they have to pay huge amount of money to study in this university that is why they need flexibility to pay their tuition fees. 12 students out 15, to pay tuition fees are higher than expected and as expected. On the other hand, around 11 students said that as expected they can pass the course easily at IIBIT. After evaluation, number of 10 students said that the quality of teacher is higher than expected. Australia is one of the worlds most exciting countries. It has a good reputation in the world for its best quality education. The quality of Australia education is much better than that of other countries. Australia is one of the most popular destinations for international students among three English-speaking countries. USA and Canada is also better place to study. Students have to provide GMAT score to get admission in the best Universities is USA and Canada universities requirement is very higher than Australia. Many international students like to study in Australia for multicultural, good environment and exciting cities and so on. Australia considers its cultural diversity one of its greatest strengths. Australias standard of living is almost highest in the world. Living expenses is considerably lower in Australia. #Why students IIBIT with Fed-Uni and why not any other university? We have researched on four universities namely Federation University, Central Queensland University, Deaken University and University of Western Sydney. After analysing these universities, students have decided to study at Federation University, IIBIT Sydney. It has seven campuses. Students can chose any cosmopolitan cities. Fed-Uni offer their programs at IIBIT in Sydney and Adelaide. Federation University at IIBIT tuition fees is very low and affordable compared to other universities. The three-term semester in one-year option enables student to finish their degree earlier. IIBIT provides small class size and give individual attention to weak students. The various programs offered at IIBIT in partnership with the Federation University. One of the major decisions we have to do in life is deciding where we want to go for university. Not only will be attached to it for at least three years, but it could also change in our life altogether. While there are instances when we will need to transfer, it would be very costly to change universities, not to mention the tedious procedure that you will have to go through. We have three more important points to know in our life they are tuition fees, Price/scholarships and at last meeting requirements. Also, the English language requirement for entering university was easier at IIBIT as the entry requirement is IELTS 6.0 (overall band score) not 6.0 for each skill of Reading, Writing, Listening Speaking. This would save the students time and money to achieve a higher English level in the IELTS exam i.e. scores would have to be higher at 6.5; so many of the students undertake a direct entry package, that is, they undertake 10 weeks of student in an Academic English course. When questioned about the agent there were many students influenced by the information about scholarships offered by IIBIT through the agent. As IIBIT are offering Federation University the university price seemed very high; however, IIBIT agents offered scholarships which critically influenced the decision. Of 15 students 8 students took up the offer of scholarship. The largest scholarship was up to $9K and 10K for a Bachelor degree. Interestingly some students from the same countries did not know about the scholarship. Scholarships were also offered to Master degree students the savings were quite significant, and it was the most critical factor in deciding the choice of college and university. Also, in one case, the student accepted IIBIT then after submitting his paperwork he then was given an offer of a scholarship of significant value. Many students cited the fact that to gain a student visa that choosing a college with a university package was important, because, if the student applied only for a college they felt that they would not successfully receive a student visa; therefore, choosing a college with the university (as one campus not two different campuses and companies, there was less threat to be rejected for student visa. Another factor was the reputation of the institution and how the reputation affected gaining a student visa. One student cited the example of another college-university (Torrens University) as being new and not rating as a high level to guarantee a student visa, even it was cheaper, so the student chose a more secure choice of IIBIT. As marketing executive officers at IIBIT, we will provide many facilities to our prospective students who want to study at IIBIT. As we know that IIBIT is affiliated with Federation University, Australia. Students will get university equivalent certificate after completion of their Bachelor or Masters degree. If they study at IIBIT, they will pass the course easily. Even they can do part-time job regularly. On the other hand, studying at first level university, such as UTS, University of Sydney, Macquarie etc. They have to focus only on study to finish the degree. For example, few universities like CQ University, they do not teach students individually because most of the students come from different countries. Sometimes they do not understand the course framework. Another reason is that English proficiency, IELTS, PTE, is the main factor to get chance into university. Maximum numbers of university require IELTS 6.5 or 7 to get admission. Only few universities, such as IIBIT- Federat ion University, Australia, CQ University, CSU, require 6 in IELTS to get chance in Bachelor and Masters Program. Sometimes they offer English language course for lower IELTS or PTE score students. At IIBIT we have good quality of teacher who will teach you in small class size. As we can say that IIBIT is the only university will give you proper knowledge and guidance to get full-time job after completing on the main course.   Ã‚